Non Formal Learning-an opportunity for Inclusion

The persistently high level of youth unemployment in the EU is a serious problem. Labour market entrants with the lowest levels of educational achievement face the highest risks of unemployment. The European Youth Pact therefore encourages a cross-sectoral approach that provides a better coordination of formal, non-formal and informal learning and - as a consequence - would facilitate smoother transitions from school to work.

As a result of inequities in earlier education stages, pupils from disadvantaged backgrounds often do not achieve the level of qualifications needed to access easily the labour market or higher education. Policies to reinforce efficiency and equity of education systems therefore have to combine all available forms of learning to facilitate easier access and thus to contribute to social inclusion.

Non-formal and informal learning in the Youth in Action programme help making learning attractive, developing readiness for lifelong learning and promoting the social integration, in particular of young people with fewer opportunities. Projects in the framework of the Youth in Action programme have a participative and learner-centred approach. They are carried out on a voluntary basis and are therefore closely linked to young people's needs, aspirations and interests. Key elements are peer learning, learning environments and inclusion of all young people. Formal learning emphasis cognitive learning, non-formal settings often complement cognitive aspects by emotional, social and practical levels of learning.

By providing an additional source of learning and a route into formal education and training, such activities are particularly relevant to young people with fewer opportunities. The non-formal learning opportunities provided and supported through the Youth in Action programme can therefore be considered as an important complementary tool to social inclusion efforts at national, regional and local levels.

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